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古文 (文字).
古文，特指春秋戰國時代山東六國流行的文字。因漢代通行隸書，因此把秦以前秦地篆文以外的字體叫做古文，也就是泛指春秋战国时期东方各国竹简上的文字，如古文經“孔子之宅古文”、“汲冢书”等。
古文是比較早的筆書文字，特指許慎《說文解字》裏的古文。許慎說：「周太史籀著大篆十五篇，與古文或異。」[1]把古文與大篆相提並論，說古文是史籀以前的文字的通稱。
由于古人無筆墨，於是就用竹簽點漆，在竹筒上寫字，稱爲書契文，亦叫竹簡書。因竹硬漆膩，書寫不流利，笔画起止皆以尖锋来书写。尤其是战国时期的山东六国的古文多为硬笔漆书，有的字头粗尾细，像蝌蚪之形，故叫蝌蚪書或蝌蚪文。凡是竹簡漆書，都可以叫蝌蚪文，并不只限于倉颉所书，例如古文經、汲冢书、上博简、清华简上的字体就是蝌蚪文。[2][3][4][5]
古文相關參考論著資料如下：
- ^ [東漢]許慎，《說文解字·敘》。
- ^ 李松儒《郭店简中所见"鸟虫书"与"蝌蚪文"字迹研究》，《辽宁省博物馆馆刊》 ，2007年
- ^ 裘锡圭《神乌傅（赋）》初探，《文物》1997年第1期
- ^ 《晋书·束皙传》：得竹书数十车。其《纪年》十三篇......大凡七十五篇，七篇简书折坏，不识名题。冢中又得铜剑一枚，长二尺五寸。漆书皆蝌蚪字。
- ^ 賈連翔《清华简九篇书法现象研究》，《书法丛刊》2011(000),004
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