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匹伐他汀

匹伐他汀
臨床資料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureLivalo, Livazo
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa610018
核准狀況
懷孕分級
  • : D
给药途径口服给药錠劑
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度60%
血漿蛋白結合率96%
药物代谢肝臟CYP2C9,少量代謝)
生物半衰期11小時
排泄途徑糞便
识别信息
  • (3R,5S,6E)-7-[2-Cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
CAS号147511-69-1  ☒N
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.171.153 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C25H24FNO4
摩尔质量421.461
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • O=C(O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)/C=C/c1c(c3ccccc3nc1C2CC2)c4ccc(F)cc4
  • InChI=1S/C25H24FNO4/c26-17-9-7-15(8-10-17)24-20-3-1-2-4-22(20)27-25(16-5-6-16)21(24)12-11-18(28)13-19(29)14-23(30)31/h1-4,7-12,16,18-19,28-29H,5-6,13-14H2,(H,30,31)/b12-11+/t18-,19-/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:VGYFMXBACGZSIL-MCBHFWOFSA-N checkY

匹伐他汀(Pitavastatin,通常以鈣鹽形式販售)是一種降血液膽固醇的藥物,本品屬於他汀類藥物(HMG-CoA reductase)[1]。匹伐他汀在美國以商品名Livalo銷售,在歐洲和俄羅斯以商品名Livazo銷售。如同其他的他汀類藥物,本品為羥甲基戊二酸單醯輔酶A還原酶抑制劑,該酵素會催化膽固醇合成的第一步。

2003年,本品開始於日本販賣,目前在大韓民國印度也有銷售[2]。預計匹伐他汀在東南亞國將被批准[3]美國食品及藥物管理局已在2009年核准該藥物[4]。本品的美國專利屬於興和製藥公司(Kowa Pharmaceuticals)。

用途

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和其他的他汀類藥物一樣,匹伐他汀適用於高膽固醇血症(高膽固醇)和預防心血管疾病。2009年LIVES試驗在經過104週的實驗後發現,匹伐他汀可以增加高密度脂蛋白(HDL)。特別是HDL低於40 mg/dL的患者,上升率為24.6%,此外也大幅減少了低密度脂蛋白31.3%[5]。對於從其他他汀類藥物轉換並隨時間升高的患者,HDL會有所改善。CIRCLE試驗在70個月的觀察性研究中,匹伐他汀比阿托伐他汀(atorvastatin)更能增加HDL[6]

本品對血糖控制可能有益。因此,匹伐他汀可能適用於LDL過高、HDL過高,和患有糖尿病代謝症候群[來源請求]

副作用

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匹伐他汀常見的相關副作用(例如頭痛,胃部不適,肝功能測試異常,和肌肉痙攣)和其他的他汀類藥物相似。然而,匹伐他汀似乎比某些脂溶性他汀類藥物有更少的肌肉副作用,因為匹伐他汀是水溶性的(例如普伐他汀英语pravastatin)。[7]

有一項研究發現,匹伐他汀使輔酶Q10的減少程度比起某些他汀類藥物下降程度不那麼明顯(儘管HMG-CoA還原酶途徑固有化學性質使得所有他汀類藥物都具有抑制作用,但這種可能性不大)[3][8]

和其他他汀類藥物相反,有證據顯示匹伐他汀會改善人體內的胰島素抵抗,通過穩態模型評估英语homeostatic model assessment(HOMA-IR)方法評估胰島素抵抗[9]

曾有研究報導匹伐他汀會使用藥者血漿中的尿酸升高[10]

代謝和交互作用

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大部分的匹伐他汀都由肝臟 細胞色素P450代謝,導致增加和一些特定的食物(像葡萄柚)產生藥物交互作用。匹伐他汀最主要代謝的路徑是葡萄苷酸化英语glucuronidation

歷史

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匹伐他汀(以前稱為伊伐他汀,伊巴韋司汀,尼伐他汀,NK-104或NKS-104)由日產化學工業公司英语Nissan Chemical Industries日本發現,並由東京都興和製藥公司日语興和進一步開發。[3]美國食品和藥物管理局於2009年3月8日以商品名Livalo批准美國使用匹伐他汀。匹伐他汀也在2010年8月17日獲得英國藥品和保健品監管機構(MHRA)的批准。

參考文獻

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  1. ^ Kajinami, K; Takekoshi, N; Saito, Y. Pitavastatin: efficacy and safety profiles of a novel synthetic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Cardiovascular drug reviews. 2003, 21 (3): 199–215. PMID 12931254. 
  2. ^ Zydus Cadila launches pitavastatin in India. [2018-06-17]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-26). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Mukhtar, R. Y. A.; Reid, J.; Reckless, J. P. D. Pitavastatin. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2005, 59 (2): 239–252. PMID 15854203. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00461.x. 
  4. ^ The Seventh Statin; Pitavastatin. [2018-06-17]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-20). 
  5. ^ Teramoto, T; Shimano, H; Yokote, K; Urashima, M. Effects of pitavastatin (LIVALO Tablet) on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in hypercholesterolemia.. J Atheroscler Thromb. Oct 2009, 16: 654–61. PMID 19907105. doi:10.5551/jat.1719. 
  6. ^ Masana, L. Pitavastatin in cardiometabolic disease: therapeutic profile. Cardiovasc Diabetol. May 30, 2013,. 12 Suppl 1: S2. PMC 3668168可免费查阅. PMID 23819752. doi:10.1186/1475-2840-12-S1-S2. 
  7. ^ ScienceDaily. Alternative Cholesterol-Lowering Drug for Patients Who Can't Tolerate Statins. ScienceDaily. 11 May 2013 [2018-06-17]. (原始内容存档于2019-08-20). 
  8. ^ Ogata, N.; Fujimori, S.; Oka, Y.; Kaneko, K. Effects of Three Strong Statins (Atorvastatin, Pitavastatin, and Rosuvastatin) on Serum Uric Acid Levels in Dyslipidemic Patients. Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids. 2010, 29 (4–6): 321–324. doi:10.1080/15257771003741323. 
  9. ^ Nakagomi, A; Shibui, T; Kohashi, K; Kosugi, M; Kusama, Y; Atarashi, H; Shimizu, W. Differential Effects of Atorvastatin and Pitavastatin on Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Dyslipidemia. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. 2015, 22: 1158–1171. doi:10.5551/jat.29520. 
  10. ^ Kawashiri, MA; Nohara, A; Tada, H; Mori, M; Tsuchida, M; Katsuda, S; Inazu, A; Kobayashi, J; Koizumi, J; Mabuchi, H; Yamagishi, M. Comparison of effects of pitavastatin and atorvastatin on plasma coenzyme Q10 in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: results from a crossover study. Clin Pharmacol Ther. May 2008, 83 (5): 731–9. PMID 17957184. doi:10.1038/sj.clpt.6100396. 

外部連結

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匹伐他汀
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