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克催瑪汝

克催瑪汝
臨床資料
懷孕分級
  • : A
  • C (口服) & B (外用) ()
给药途径外用
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
  • 药房药品
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度口服時吸收不佳且不穩定
血漿蛋白結合率90%
药物代谢肝病治療
生物半衰期2小時
识别信息
  • 1-[(2-chlorophenyl)(diphenyl)methyl]-1H-imidazole
CAS号23593-75-1  checkY
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.041.589 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C22H17ClN2
摩尔质量344.837 g/mol
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • Clc1ccccc1C(c2ccccc2)(c3ccccc3)n4ccnc4
  • InChI=1S/C22H17ClN2/c23-21-14-8-7-13-20(21)22(25-16-15-24-17-25,18-9-3-1-4-10-18)19-11-5-2-6-12-19/h1-17H checkY
  • Key:VNFPBHJOKIVQEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

克催瑪汝,或譯克霉唑克黴樂(英語:Clotrimazole),品牌名稱包括拜耳Canesten® (臺灣:卡黴速停®、香港:確膚寧®),先灵葆雅Lotremin(香港:療癬妙)、現屬拜耳的 Lotrimin 等,是抗真菌药[1],適用於念珠菌症鵝口瘡尿布疹花斑癬皮癬菌病類等真菌感染疾病,像是足癬股癬[1]。克催瑪汝可以作外用藥也可以作口服藥,外用藥可作成霜狀擦在皮膚上,或是擦在陰道[1]

口服此藥時,常見的副作用為噁心及搔癢[1];外用時,塗抹處的皮膚可能泛紅並有灼熱感[1]。對孕婦而言,擦拭此藥於皮膚或私處並無安全顧慮[1],也並無確實證據指出口服此藥對孕婦有傷害,但其影響仍需進一步詳細研究評估[1]。若患者已罹有肝臟相關疾病,口服時需特別注意會有不良反應[1]。此藥在藥學分類上屬於唑類的一類,其藥理機制為破壞細胞膜以達療效。

1969年,克催瑪汝研發成功[2],現已名列於世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單,是醫療系統中最為安全有效的藥物之一[3],並已有學名藥問世[1]。2014年,開發中國家取得每條20公克裝克催瑪汝管狀藥膏的批發價約在0.2至0.86美元之譜,但在美國,接受此藥的一次完整療程花費通常花費不到25美元[4]

歐化藥業出品含Clotrimazole成份的膏

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Clotrimazole Monograph for Professionals. www.drugs.com. 8 February 2016 [28 October 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-10-28). 
  2. ^ Walker, S. R. Trends and Changes in Drug Research and Development. Springer Science & Business Media. 2012: 109 [2019-08-06]. ISBN 9789400926592. (原始内容存档于2017-09-10) (英语). 
  3. ^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13). 
  4. ^ Tarascon Pharmacopoeia 2016 Professional Desk Reference Edition. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2016: 176 [2019-08-06]. ISBN 9781284095302. (原始内容存档于2016-10-28) (英语). 

參考文獻

  • Gerald K. McEvoy, Jane Miller, Kathy Litvak: AHFS Drug Information. American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Bethesda 2006, ISBN 1-58528-142-5.
  • Amber A. Kyle, Mark V. Dahl: Topical therapy for fungal infections, in: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology英语American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2004, 5 (6), S. 443–451, PMID 15663341.
  • Marianne Abele-Horn: Antimikrobielle Therapie. Entscheidungshilfen zur Behandlung und Prophylaxe von Infektionskrankheiten. Unter Mitarbeit von Werner Heinz, Hartwig Klinker, Johann Schurz und August Stich, 2., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Peter Wiehl, Marburg 2009, (德文) ISBN 978-3-927219-14-4, S. 255 f.

外部連結

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克催瑪汝
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