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信噪比

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信噪比(英語:Signal-to-noise ratio,缩写为SNRS/N),又稱訊雜比[1]訊噪比,是科学和工程中所用的一种度量,用於比較所需訊號的强度與背景雜訊的强度。其定義為訊號功率与雜訊功率的比率,以分貝(dB)为单位表示。大於比率1:1(高於0分貝)表示訊號多於雜訊。信噪比通常用於描述電子訊號,也可以應用在各種形式的訊號,比如冰芯英语Ice core內的同位素量,或細胞間的生物化學信號[來源請求]

定义

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所指為有用信号功率(Power of Signal)与雜訊功率(Power of Noise)的比。因此為振幅(Amplitude)平方的比:

它的单位一般使用分贝,其值为十倍对数信号与噪声功率比:

其中

为信号功率(Power of Signal)。
为噪声功率(Power of Noise)。
为信号振幅(Amplitude of Signal)。
为噪声振幅(Amplitude of Noise)。

各种调制系统的信噪比

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调幅

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信道信噪比为

其中 W 是带宽, 是调制系数

(AM接收机的)输出信噪比为

调频

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信道信噪比为

输出信噪比为


  1. ^ 劉博文. 電子學(下). 臺北縣五股鄉: 全威. 2007. ISBN 978-986-6964-20-6 (中文(臺灣)). 
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信噪比
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