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噪声 (视频)

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在模拟影片电视领域,雜訊(英語:Noise)是指当电视机或其他显示设备天线接收器在没有获得信号时,因白噪声所产生的随机的像素点图案。这些随机图案以闪烁的点状或雪花状叠加在画面上,它是因雜訊以及天线意外拾取的辐射电磁噪声所导致。这种现象最常见于 類比電視和空白的VHS磁带。

许多电磁雜訊源导致了这种特征性的显示模式。大气中的噪声源非常普遍,包括宇宙微波背景辐射造成的电磁信号[1],以及附近的电子设备造成的本地无线电噪声[2]

显示设备本身也是雜訊源之一,比如其内部的电子元件导致的热噪声英语Johnson–Nyquist noise。大多数噪声来自天线附属的首个晶体管[2]

英国观众在信号消失后常看到黑画面上的白雪花,而非白画面上的黑点,技术上的原因是旧的405线英语405-line television system英国发送塔在加拿大、美国以及(目前的)英国使用正极而非负极视频调制。

由于数字电视集成的电子电路的算法,以及其屏幕的固有量化,在数字电视上看到的“雪花”不会那么随机。大多数现代的电视会自动切换到蓝屏,或在屏幕保持静态一段时间后转入待机状态。

参见

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参考资料

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  1. ^ Background on the Background Explorer and the Science of John Mather. NASA. [2016-12-10]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-24). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Antenna basics. HDTV Primer. [2016-12-10]. (原始内容存档于2013-01-25). 
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噪声 (视频)
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