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二甲基镁

二甲基镁
IUPAC名
Dimethylmagnesium
识别
CAS号 2999-74-8  checkY
PubChem 18141
ChemSpider 10430979
SMILES
 
  • C[Mg]C
性质
化学式 C2H6Mg
摩尔质量 54.37 g·mol−1
密度 0.96 g/cm3
溶解性 反应
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

二甲基镁是一种有机镁化合物,化学式为(CH3)2Mg,为白色易自燃的固体。

制备

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二甲基镁可以由不少于化学计量比的二噁烷和甲基卤化镁反应得到:[1][2]

2 CH3MgX + dioxane ⇌ (CH3)2Mg + MgX2(dioxane)

二卤化镁和二恶烷的配合物是一种沉淀,可以使史兰克平衡英语Schlenk equilibrium向生成二烷基镁(可溶于反应溶剂)的方向进行。

钙、镁以及碘甲烷乙醚中反应,或者镁和二甲基汞反应,也能得到二甲基镁。[3][4]

结构

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二甲基镁的结构由X射线晶体衍射测定。它是一种聚合物,与二硫化硅的结构类似,有着四面体镁中心,由甲基桥联。其中,Mg-C键键长为224 pm。[5]同族的二甲基铍有着同样的结构。[6]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Cope, A. C. The Preparation of Dialkylmagnesium Compounds from Grignard Reagents. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1935, 57 (11): 2238–2240. doi:10.1021/ja01314a059. 
  2. ^ Anteunis, M. Studies of the Grignard Reaction. II. Kinetics of the Reaction of Dimethylmagnesium with Benzophenone and of Methylmagnesium Bromide-Magnesium Bromide with Pinacolone. J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27 (2): 596–598. doi:10.1021/jo01049a060. 
  3. ^ [[1],第215頁,載於Google圖書 Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry Vol. XIII/2a, 4th Edition Organometallic Compounds of Group II of the Periodic Table (except mercury)], Georg Thieme Verlag. 2014: p. 215, (德文) 
  4. ^ Jane E. Macintyre, [[2],第2273頁,載於Google圖書 Dictionary of Organometallic Compounds], CRC Press. 1994: p. 2273, (德文) 
  5. ^ Weiss, E. Die Kristallstruktur des Dimethylmagnesiums. J. Organomet. Chem. 1964, 2 (4): 314–321. doi:10.1016/S0022-328X(00)82217-2. 
  6. ^ Snow, A.I.; Rundle, R.E. Structure of Dimethylberyllium. Acta Crystallographica. 1951, 4: 348–52. doi:10.1107/S0365110X51001100. 
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二甲基镁
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