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隋仁寿宫唐九成宫遗址

仁寿宫(九成宫)遗址
全国重点文物保护单位
中华人民共和国国务院公布
地址 中国陕西省麟游县
分类古遗址
时代隋唐
编号4-48
认定时间1996年

隋仁寿宫唐九成宫遗址中国时期兴建的“离宫”之一。隋文帝开皇十三年(593年)下令在岐州以北建仁寿宫,并任命杨素为总监,宇文恺为检校将作大匠,封德彝为土木监。由于工程繁复,致使民怨沸腾。开皇十五年(595年)三月,仁寿宫竣工后不久,隋文帝就来此避暑,隋文帝曾因其规模宏大,壮丽辉煌而发怒,后由于独孤皇后喜欢此宫而转变。隋文帝先后六次来仁寿宫,并且病逝于仁寿宫大宝殿。隋朝灭亡后,该宫随之废弃。

唐代初年,唐高祖唐太宗忙于战争,无暇避暑。贞观五年(631年),唐太宗才在群臣建议下复建仁寿宫,并改名九成宫。唐太宗曾五次来此避暑。唐高宗即位后,曾于永徽二年(651年)将九成宫改为万年宫,乾封二年(667年)又复称九成宫。唐高宗曾八次来九成宫,并于咸亨二年(671年)在此建太子新宫。唐高宗后,武则天改居东都洛阳,后来唐玄宗又在骊山扩建温泉宫(华清宫),使九成宫逐渐荒芜,最终于唐文宗开成元年(836年)毁于洪水。

考古

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20世纪80年代末至90年代初,经过五次发掘,确认了九成宫位于陕西省西安市西北163公里的麟游县新城区杜水北岸,北依锦城山,南对石臼山,东障童山,西临凤凰山。东西长约1010米,南北宽约300米。地势西高东低,天台山被围在宫城之内。考古发掘收获甚丰,其中37号殿址的考古发掘替补了中国建筑史上隋代宫殿建筑的空白。[1]

清代画家袁江绘《九成宫图》十二屏(美国大都会艺术博物馆藏)

注释

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  1. ^ 考古. 隋仁寿宫唐九戍宫37号殿址的发掘. [1995年12期]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05). 

参见

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隋仁寿宫唐九成宫遗址
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