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雕像

一座雕像;呢座雕像係舉世聞名嘅《思索者》,廣泛噉被視為哲學嘅象徵。
2022 年喺香港旺角影到嘅一座黃金佛像

雕像粵拼diu1 zoeng6英文statue),又叫塑像,係指能夠獨立企到喺度嘅雕塑作品,相對於雕喺一塊平面(例如)上面嘅浮雕。古典嘅雕像多數都用特定嘅事物做主題,譬如係或者動物噉。

雕像可以用材料分,好似用石頭造就叫石像、用青銅造就叫青銅像... 等等。

概論

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雕塑係專創作 3D 物體視覺藝術,相對於(例如)創作 2D 圖像畫畫。傳統上創作雕塑嗰陣,雕塑家[1]

一般嚟講,雕塑作品可以分做兩大類:雕像同埋浮雕;前者係指能夠自己企到喺度嘅雕塑作品,例子有舉世聞名嘅《思索者》;而後者就係指喺一塊平面(例如)上雕出嚟嘅雕塑。

物理

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力學平衡牛頓力學上嘅一個概念。如果話一件物體處於力學平衡,意思即係話作用响呢件物體身上嘅淨力係 0,而根據牛頓第二定律,淨力係 0 即係表示件嘢如果係靜止嘅就會繼續處於靜止狀態[2]。正路嚟講,一個雕塑家會想自己件作品能夠處於力學平衡,噉樣件嘢先會唔使搵嘢撐住(支撐好多時都俾人認為係唔美觀)都能夠長時間企到喺度唔跌低,而對雕塑作品嘅力學平衡嘅思考可以相當複雜[3]

例如係位於西班牙馬德里、描繪西班牙王菲臘四世騎住嘅樣嘅青銅像(下圖)噉:個雕像係喺 1640 年整好嘅;正常嚟講,呢個雕像唔會做到力學平衡,件嘢會向前跌;不過製作呢座雕像嘅人員就用咗一個响當時史無前例嘅做法-隻青銅馬喺密度上唔平均,隻馬嘅後髀同尾用近乎完全實心嘅青銅嚟整,而隻馬嘅頭同埋前半身就用薄、空心嘅青銅嚟整,當中隻馬頭部嘅殼據講淨係得嗰差唔多 2 毫米咁薄,所以隻馬掂地嘅下半身就明顯重過上半身,最後呢個做法成功噉令呢個雕像達致平衡企到喺度,亦係雕塑史上嘅一個突破[3]

睇埋

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引咗

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  1. 4 Basic Sculpture Techniques.
  2. John L. Synge & Byron A. Griffith (1949). Principles of Mechanics (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 39.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Structures in sculpture. IDOM.
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雕像
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