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絕對值

絕對值absolute value)係數學上面常用嘅概念。佢意指將所有嘅負數變成正數,正數都仲係正數。同時,佢可以代表兩個數字之間嘅距離。拓展落去,佢可以代表兩樣嘢之間嘅距離。

絕對值同時都係一個基本函數之一。有咗絕對值,可以推斷到好多有用嘅公式,其中一條就係三角形不等式

定義

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假設有一個實數。佢嘅絕對值就係如果將呢個定義用函數圖形嚟表示,會好似一個「V」字嘅樣。

例子

性質

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性質一

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如果,咁一定係。()

證明:

因為三叉性質,所以或者。根據定義,只有,先至會有

性質二

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證明:

因為三叉性質,所以或者

如果,咁。得出

如果,咁。得出

如果,咁

性質三

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證明:

如果或者,咁

因為性質二得知,無論係正數係負數,佢哋嘅絕對值都係一樣。

性質四

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證明:

利用性質三得出,

性質五

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如果,咁只有因為,先會得出。換句話講,係同一個意思。

性質六

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睇埋

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絕對值
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