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檸檬酸

檸檬酸
IUPAC名
2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
2-羥基丙烷-1,2,3-三羧酸
系統名
3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid
3-羥基-3-羧基戊二酸
別名 枸櫞酸;3-羥基戊二酸-3-甲酸
識別
CAS號 77-92-9
PubChem 311
22230((monohydrate))
ChemSpider 305 Y
SMILES
OC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O
InChIKey KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYAM
歐盟編號 201-069-1
ChEBI 30769
DrugBank DB04272
KEGG D00037
性質
化學式 C6H8O7
摩爾質量 192.124 g·mol−1
外觀 白色晶體
密度 1.665 g/cm3
熔點 153 °C
沸點 175 °C分解
溶解度 525 g/100 ml(攝氏100度)
溶解度(THF、乙醇甲醇 未水合:THF 1.80 M,乙醇 1.6 M,甲醇 3.08 M[1]
一水合物:THF 1.52 M,乙醇 1.78 M,甲醇 2.27 M[2]
pKa pKa1=3.13
pKa2=4.76
pKa3=6.40
危險性
主要危害 刺激皮膚同眼睛
閃點 1010°C
相關物質(({參考))}
有關化學品 檸檬酸鈉、檸檬酸鈣
如果無講明,所有數據都係指25 °C,100 kPa嘅時候嘅情況。

檸檬酸(分子式:C6H8O7;結構式:)係種,主要喺檸檬青檸同各種柑桔類生果搵得到。喺室溫情況下呈固體。屬於有機化合物。

反應

[編輯]

可以以一水合物或者無水合物出現,如果渠喺凍水入面結晶就會出一水合物。咁如果將一水合物加熱,會失去結晶水,變返做無水合物。

渠係一種三元酸,可以同反應產生相應嘅檸檬酸鹽。

用途

[編輯]

可以作為食物添加劑。喺柑橘類生果同果汁入面都會有。

參考

[編輯]
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檸檬酸
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