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天然氣

天然氣燃料嘅一種,係植物通過生物、化學作用同地質變化作用,喺唔同地質條件之下生成、轉移,喺一定嘅壓力下儲集,埋藏喺深度唔同嘅地層中嘅優質可燃氣體。主要成分包括:甲烷(CH4),另外重含有二氧化碳硫化氫同微量嘅等氣體,喺唔同產地同埋唔同生產方式嘅天然氣,成分同物化性質都會有啲唔同[1]

種類

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天然氣一般分為四種:從氣田開採出嚟嘅氣田氣,又稱為純天然氣;伴隨石油一齊開採出嚟嘅石油氣,又稱為石油伴生氣;含石油輕質餾分嘅凝析氣田氣;從煤礦井下煤層中抽出嘅礦井氣。煤炭、石油、天然氣三兄弟都係古代植物殘骸演化而成嘅化石碳能源,但係特點都好唔同,煤炭係固體,石油係液體,以甲烷為主嘅天然氣係氣體。而且相對煤、石油嚟講,天然氣係一種更稀少、分佈更集中嘅資源[2]

狀態

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根據物理狀態天然氣可以分為:

  • 天然氣(Natural Gas,NG)
  • 液化天然氣(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)
  • 壓縮天然氣(Compressed Natural Gas,CNG)

物化性質

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天然氣係無色、無味、無毒、無腐蝕性,易燃、易爆嘅氣體,比空氣輕,主要成分係甲烷(CH4),燃燒溫度大概係650℃,燃燒生成物主要係二氧化碳同水。喺常壓或者略高過常壓下低溫(-162℃)液化咗嘅天然氣,體積大概係佢氣態體積嘅六百分之一。

參考

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  1. . 原著喺2021年3月13號歸檔. 喺2021年3月7號搵到.
  2. 天然氣是什麼
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天然氣
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