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每分钟转速

每分钟转速,或称之每分钟回转数,英文RPM,全写是Revolution(s) Per Minute,是转动性物体在转动速度上的一种衡量单位,所指的是一个物体在一分钟内的旋转圈数,一圈即是指一次的绕周转动,若以数学上的角度单位来衡量即是转动了360

应用

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经常用RPM来做为转速单位的有马达引擎、棒球、碟机(如:光驱硬盘等),倘若某一马达的说明书显示它具有3,600RPM的转速,表示该马达每分钟可以转3,600圈,也就是每秒钟约转60圈。此外若引擎的说明书写着转速上限为10000RPM,如此一旦使引擎转速突破此上限,就会被称为“超转”,超转具有危险性,轻则引擎温度升高、损坏引擎,重则与引擎关连的相关系统都一并故障,甚至可能危害到相关人员(如汽车引擎超转,有可能危及驾驶与乘客)。

值得注意的是,RPM以分钟作为时间基准单位,但近年来精密型转动、精密型转速的马达愈来愈多,以分钟为单位是早期技术尚不够进步,每秒转动的圈数尚不稳定时(如:这一秒转590圈,下一秒转611圈),因此才以分钟为量测基准单位,如今逐渐的也开始有以每秒为单位的需要,特别是有精密控制旋转圈数需求的马达上。

单位转换

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  • RPM 的直接意思对换为 rpmRPMrev/min (转圈每分钟)等
    • “rev”不是正式单位,故又会略为 min-1 (每分钟)
  • SI 单位为 rad s-1弧度每秒
    • 1 rev/min = 2π rad / 60 s = π rad / 30 s

参见

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每分钟转速
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