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斯特恩-革拉赫实验仪器,可以将入射的银原子束,分别成两道银原子束,每一道银原子束代表一种量子态。

量子力学里,量子态描述量子系统的状态。量子态可以用向量空间态向量设定。例如,在计算氢原子能谱问题时,相关的态向量是由主量子数 给出。采用狄拉克标记,态向量表示为右向量 ;其中,在符号内部的希腊字母 可以是任何符号,字母,数字,或单字。例如, 。对于量子态的概念诠释,主要分为两派。第一派主张统计诠释,量子态可以描述量子系统的统计性质,但不能完备地描述量子系统。这一派主要是以阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的论述为代表。另一派是以尼尔斯·波耳主张的哥本哈根诠释为范本,认为量子态可以完备地、详尽地描述单独量子系统。

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主题:物理学/本日推荐/6
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