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树舌灵芝

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树舌灵芝
科学分类 编辑
界: 真菌界 Fungi
门: 担子菌门 Basidiomycota
纲: 伞菌纲 Agaricomycetes
目: 多孔菌目 Polyporales
科: 灵芝科 Ganodermataceae
属: 灵芝属 Ganoderma
种:
树舌灵芝 G. applanatum
二名法
Ganoderma applanatum
(Pers.) Pat.
异名
  • Boletus applanatus
  • Elfvingia applanata
  • Fomes applanatus
  • Fomes vegetus
  • Ganoderme aplani
  • Ganoderma lipsiense
  • Polyporus applanatus
  • Polyporus vegetus
Ganoderma applanatum
查看产生下列表格的真菌学模板
查看产生下列表格的真菌学模板
真菌形态特征
子实层上有萌发孔
无明显蕈伞
子实层自基部沿蕈柄向下生长
缺少蕈柄
孢印棕色
寄生真菌
不适合食用

树舌灵芝学名Ganoderma applanatum[1],俗称老牛肝[来源请求],是一个具有世界性分布英语Cosmopolitan distribution支架真菌英语Bracket fungus

整个孢子体可高达30—40厘米(12—16英寸),质硬,木质纹理;它们起初生长时是白色,但很快就变成深红褐色。棕色孢子将从子实体的下侧的气孔释放出来。子实体是多年生植物,可能持续多年,随着尺寸增加,气孔将形成新层。

它是一种木腐真菌,主要生长在死木材,也可作为活树木的病原体,特别在较老的树木。它是山毛榉杨树腐朽和死亡的常见原因,并是对其他几个树属腐朽和死亡的较少经常的原因,包括桤木属苹果属榆树属七叶树属槭属(枫树)栎属(橡木)胡桃木英语walnut柳树西部铁杉英语western hemlock花旗松,和云杉属

这种真菌的特点在于它是作为艺术家的绘画介质的能力。当其表面被用锋利的工具摩擦或刮花,它从浅色变为暗褐色,产生可见的线条和阴影。

医用

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树舌灵芝在日本被称为“粉吹猿腰挂”(コフキサルノコシカケ kofuki-saru-no-koshikake[2][3],字面意思是“粉覆盖猴子的长椅”。而在中国,长期以来一直用于传统药物[4]。研究表明,灵芝包含具有有效抗肿瘤作用的化合物[5][6][7],抗细菌[8][9],和抗纤维化[10]的性质。

参考资料

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  1. ^ Overson, Alissa. Ganoderma applanatum: The Artist's Conk. The Fungal Kingdom. Evergreen State College. [3 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2015-01-12). 
  2. ^ kofuki- saru-no-koshikake (コフキサルノコシカケ). Flora of Mikawa. [3 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-30). 
  3. ^ Mizuno, Takashi. Sarunokoshikake: Polyporaecea fungi‐kofukisarunokoshikake, ganoderma applanatum and tsugasarunokoshikake, fomitopsis pinicola. Taylor & Francis Online. 
  4. ^ About Asian Anti-Cancer Materia Database. http://asiancancerherb.info/. [2017-07-01]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-02). 
  5. ^ MIZUNO, TAKASHI; et al. Isolation and characterization of antitumor active β-d-glucans from the fruit bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam - Printed in The Netherlands. [3 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-08). 
  6. ^ Taichi Usui et. al. Antitumor Activity of Water-Soluble β-D-Glucan Elaborated by Ganoderma applanatum. Taylor & Francis Online. [5 March 2016]. 
  7. ^ Applanoxidic acids A, B, C and D, biologically active tetracyclic triterpenes from Ganoderma applanatum. Phytochemistry. 26 March 1991, 30 (12, 1991): 4105–4109 [2017-07-01]. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(91)83476-2. (原始内容存档于2017-05-10). 
  8. ^ Antibacterial Activity of Steroidal Compounds Isolated from Ganoderma applanatum. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms: 325–330. [2017-07-01]. doi:10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v1.i4.40. (原始内容存档于2020-02-07). 
  9. ^ Exopolysaccharide from Ganoderma applanatum as a Promising Bioactive Compound with Cytostatic and Antibacterial Properties. BioMed Research International. July 2014, 2014: 1–10 [2017-07-01]. doi:10.1155/2014/743812. (原始内容存档于2020-01-06). 
  10. ^ Luo, Q; Di, L; Dai, WF; Lu, Q; Yan, YM; Yang, ZL; Li, RT; Cheng, YX. Applanatumin A, a new dimeric meroterpenoid from Ganoderma applanatum that displays potent antifibrotic activity. Org. Lett. February 23, 2015, 17: 1110–3. PMID 25706347. doi:10.1021/ol503610b. 

外部链接

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树舌灵芝
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