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GD 61

GD 61

画家笔下GD 61所属含有大量水分小行星的想像图。影像版权:NASA
观测资料
历元 J2000.0
星座 英仙座
星官
赤经 04h 38m 39.39s[1]
赤纬 +41° 09′ 32.5″[1]
视星等(V) 14.8[2]
特性
光谱分类DBZ[1]
天体测定
距离150 ly
详细资料
质量0.7 M
温度17280 K
其他命名
2MASS J04383938+4109325, EGGR 315, WD 0435+41, Lan 542

GD 61是一颗位于英仙座的有行星系统存在的白矮星,距离地球150光年[3]

特性

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GD 61的前身星被认为是光谱类型 A0V 的主序星,质量约太阳的3倍,演化为红巨星后残留太阳70%的质量成为现在的白矮星,表面温度17280 K。GD 61的年龄包含主序星阶段约6亿年[4],视星等14.8[2]。GD 61早在1965年就被罗威尔天文台的天文学家进行的白矮星巡天中首次被认为是潜在的简并星[5]

行星系统

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2013年天文学家在GD 61旁发现星周盘,该星周盘的形成被认为是富含水的小行星太过靠近GD 61而被潮汐力粉碎,这是首次在太阳系外发现固态或液态水存在。被摧毁的小行星可能原始质量的26%是水,相当接近谷神星的含水量[6]。这项发现被认为是类似地球的岩石表面行星在过去可能存在的证据,并且小行星也是过去的产物,现在该小行星可能是假设过去存在的行星碎裂后的岩屑盘的一部分。该假设行星可能同时拥有岩石表面和液态水存在,而这是生命存在的两个要素[7][8]。天文学家使用哈勃空间望远镜搭载的宇宙起源频谱仪测定了星周盘的组成。观测中发现了镁、硅、铁和氧,而这些都是类地行星的重要组成元素,虽然氧的含量比原始估计的高。缺乏碳的唯一可能性原因跟氧超量有关,也就是水的存在[7]

参见

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参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 GD 61 -- White Dwarf. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. [20 October 2013]. [永久失效链接]
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 S. Xu (许偲艺) and M. Jura. The Astrophysical Journal. 2012, 745 (1): 88–102. Bibcode:2012ApJ...745...88X. arXiv:1109.4207可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/88.  缺少或|title=为空 (帮助)
  3. ^ Rosen, Meghan. Water seen in rubble around star. ScienceNews. 13 October 2013 [14 October 2013]. (原始内容存档于2014-03-27). 
  4. ^ Farihi, J.; Brinkworth, C. S.; Gänsicke, B. T.; Marsh, T. R.; Girven, J.; Hoard, D. W.; Klein, B.; Koester, D. Possible Signs of Water and Differentiation in a Rocky Exoplanetary Body. The Astrophysical Journal Letters: L8–L13. Bibcode:2011ApJ...728L...8F. arXiv:1101.0158可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/728/1/L8. 
  5. ^ Giclas, Henry L.; Burnham, Robert; Thomas, Norman Gene. A list of white dwarf suspects I : special objects of small proper motion from the Lowell survey (PDF). Bulletin / Lowell Observatory. 1965, 6 (6): 155–64. Bibcode:1965LowOB...6..155G. 
  6. ^ Evidence for water in the rocky debris of a disrupted extrasolar minor planet (PDF). [2014-02-21]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-02-16). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Watery asteroid discovered in dying star points to habitable exoplanets. Phys.org. 10 October 2013 [12 October 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-10-14). 
  8. ^ Mack, Eric. Newly spotted wet asteroids point to far-flung Earth-like planets | Crave - CNET. News.cnet.com. 17 October 2011 [12 October 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-10-28). 
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GD 61
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