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马哈茂德·塞夫凯特帕夏.
马哈茂德·塞夫凯特帕夏(土耳其语:Mahmut Şevket Paşa;1856年—1913年6月11日),奥斯曼帝国末期将领与政治家,并在1913年1月23日-6月11日出任大维齐尔。
他生于巴格达,他的出身有伊拉克阿拉伯人、格鲁吉亚人和车臣人几种说法。他后前往伊斯坦布尔军事学院学习,在1882年加入陆军成为一个中尉。他在驻克里特岛时期曾在法国留了一段时间研究军事技术,然后他回到军校当教员。
他后到德国旅行,在科尔玛·冯·德·戈尔茨手下工作,回国后出任科索沃省长,并指挥第三集团军,平息了反对青年土耳其党人革命的反政变(331事件)。作为恩维尔帕夏的密友,塞夫凯特帕夏在突袭高门政变结束后组阁,内阁成员全部为联合进步委员会成员。
除了出任大维齐尔,在军事方面,在1911年他创建了奥斯曼空军并把第一辆汽车引入伊斯坦布尔,并制订了很多重要的航空军事计划,因此奥斯曼空军成为了世界上最早开拓航空的军事机构之一。
他于1913年6月11日在伊斯坦布尔被暗杀。
参考
Ali Bilgenoğlu, Osmanlı Devleti'nde Arap milliyetçi cemiyetler, Müdafaa-i Hukuk Yayınları, 2007, p. 87.]
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