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颌齿类

颌齿类
化石时期:早侏罗纪到晚白垩纪199.6–65.5 Ma
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龙总目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
演化支 颌齿类 Genasauria
演化支
异名
  • 厚脚龙类 Pachypoda
    Haeckel,1895

颌齿类(Genasauria)是鸟臀目的一个演化支,是较为进阶的鸟臀目,脸颊两侧都有咀嚼用牙齿,齿列位于颌部内侧,颅骨两侧凹陷[1]

颌齿类生存于侏罗纪早期到白垩纪晚期,分布于全球各地。颌齿类并不包含莱索托龙…等原始鸟臀目恐龙,目前最早的颌齿类化石是南非畸齿龙科北美洲小盾龙

颌齿类的最主要特征是,牙齿的位置从原本的嘴部外侧,移往较内侧处,使得嘴部闭合时,上下颌的牙齿互相接触,牙齿的接触面也加大,具有咀嚼的功能。颌齿类具有颊部,可以将食物或水置于肉质颊部内,而不会溢出。颌齿类的咀嚼用牙齿,以及颊部的出现,使牠们进食时更具选择性,与蜥脚形亚目相比更具优势。蜥脚形亚目必须吞食胃石以协助进食,并具有大型的消化系统以消化更多食物。在颌齿类开始繁盛时,原蜥脚下目逐渐消失,蜥脚下目演化成更大的体型。

分类学

颌齿类最早是由古生物学家保罗·塞里诺在1986年所提出,包含装甲亚目角足亚目,范围是:大面甲龙恐怖三角龙沃克氏副栉龙怀俄明厚头龙狭脸剑龙的最近共同祖先,以及最近共同祖先的所有后代。颌齿类一度只有保罗·塞里诺使用,但近年来科学界已经逐渐使用这个名称。

注解

  1. ^ David Lambert, Darren Naish, Elizabeth Wyse. Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Life. Dorling Kindersley Publishers Ltd. 2002. 
  • Sereno, P.C. (1986). "Phylogeny of the bird-hipped dinosaurs (order Ornithischia)". National Geographic Research 2(2): 234-256.

外部链接

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颌齿类
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