For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 音区.

音区

音区register、音域)或称音高音区pitch register)在音位学中表示在一些语言里的音节韵律特征,比如声调,元音发声态,喉塞化,或依赖于对方音调的类似功能。缅甸语越南语吴语祖鲁语里均有如此的音区系统。

范例

[编辑]

缅甸语

[编辑]

缅甸语中,声调差异与元音发声态有关,因此两者都不是独立存在的。缅甸语有3个音区,传统上任务是4个“声调”中的3个(第四个实际上不是音区,而类似于中古汉语的入声)。Jones (1986)认为这些差异是“由调域和音区交叉产生的……显然,缅甸语不像其他语言那样具有独立的声调,因此需要一个调域的概念。”[1]

缅甸音高发声态音区[2]
音区 发声态 音长 音高 范例 注释(中文)
模式声 [làː] '来'
气声 高;音末下降 [lá̤ː] ~ [lâ̤ː] '骡子'
紧喉 嘎裂声 [lá̰ˀ] '月亮'
末短 最末声门塞音 [lăʔ] '新鲜'

越南语

[编辑]

同样,在一些越南语的声调上在"音高"(pitch)有很大程度上的区分。比如,越南北部跌声异于锐声,原因是元音上的声门调之显现;然而,重声和玄声的差别主要在短嘎裂声元音与长气声元音的区别。

高棉语

[编辑]

高棉语有时也认为存在音区系统,高棉语因此被称为“严格音区语言”,因为声调和发声态都可认为是同位异音:若忽略它们,则对立可承载于双元音元音长度上。

亚洲语言之外

[编辑]

亚洲语言之外,有音区的语言例如拉脱维亚语,其标准语所依据的中部方言中,重读长元音一般带3种音高重音之一,分别是升调、降调与“破调”。最后一种在实现上不是靠音高,而是靠喉塞化,类似于越南语跌声。

参见

[编辑]

注释

[编辑]
  1. ^ Jones, Robert B. McCoy, John; Light, Timothy , 编. Contributions to Sino-Tibetan studies. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 1986 [2023-10-16]. ISBN 9789004078505. (原始内容存档于2022-11-14). 
  2. ^ James Matisoff, 2001. Prosodic Diffusibility in South-East Asia, pp. 309-310. In Aleksandra Aikhenvald and Robert Dixon, Areal Diffusion and Genetic Inheritance, OUP.

参考文献

[编辑]
  • Robert Jones, 1986. Pitch register languages, pp 135-136, in John McCoy & Timothy Light eds., Contributions to Sino-Tibetan Studies
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
音区
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?