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雷筒

英国的燧发雷筒。
法国的雷筒,1760年。法文的雷筒称作espingole

雷筒、或作雷管(英语:Blunderbuss)是一种于17世纪至19世纪中叶期间流行的前装弹药的枪铳,有着大口径的铳管,雷筒是散弹枪早期的型态,作为军事与防御用途[1]龙铳dragon)就是拳铳版的雷筒,而龙骑兵(Dragoon)会叫作龙骑兵也是因此枪铳而得名。

字源

雷筒这个词来自于荷兰文字的donderbus,donder意义为“雷”,buss的意义为“管、筒”(中古荷兰语)。

称作龙的雷筒拳铳,于墨西哥Cerro Gordo的战场中寻得。

构成

雷筒是早期的散弹枪,它可以装填铁块、石块或木块,但这样会导致铳管损伤,通常都是填装许多比口径还小的弹丸。它的铳管由黄铜制成。喇叭型的铳口并不会增加射程,但装药时可以发挥像漏斗一样的功能,易于在马背或移动中的马车上填装。喇叭状的铳口是雷筒与大口径卡宾枪的不同之处。

参考文献

  1. ^
     
    Chisholm, Hugh (编). Blunderbuss. Encyclopædia Britannica (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press. 1911. 
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雷筒
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