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阿史那贺鲁

阿史那贺鲁(?-659年),西突厥汗国大将,室点密可汗五世孙,后自立为西突厥沙钵罗可汗古突厥文𐰃𐱁𐰉𐰺𐰀𐰴𐰍𐰣,拉丁转写:Ϊšbara qaγan)。

早年为西突厥叶护,在多罗斯川(今额尔齐斯河源头)一带游牧。646年,乙毗射匮就任西突厥可汗,击败原可汗乙毗咄陆,将其逐入吐火罗贺鲁原为乙毗咄陆一党,遂率3000部众畏罪逃奔唐朝。是时唐军正征讨龟兹,即封贺鲁为昆丘道行军总管,进军龟兹。之后,贺鲁又被封为瑶池都督府都督、沙钵罗叶护。

唐高宗永徽元年(650年),贺鲁乘唐太宗新丧之机,自立为沙钵罗可汗,侵扰西州庭州等地,统一西突厥部众,同唐朝对抗。后为吐蕃压迫,放弃天山以南,将王廷迁往天山以北。

永徽三年(652年),唐将梁建方契苾何力击败贺鲁别部处月部。永徽六年(655年),唐将程知节又击败贺鲁的小部落。显庆三年(658年),唐将苏定方彻底击溃贺鲁本部,副将萧嗣业追擒贺鲁于石国(今乌兹别克斯坦塔什干)。西突厥汗国至此灭亡。

贺鲁被唐高宗献俘于长安太庙,之后获赦,不久病死于长安。

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参见

前任:
乙毗射匮
西突厥可汗 继任:
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阿史那贺鲁
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