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遗迹

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摩亨佐-达罗遗迹
圆明园含经堂遗址

遗迹,又称遗址,是古代人类遗留下来的建筑物遗址与生活环境的遗址,属于考古学概念。

特点

大多遗址的特点表现为不完整的残存物,具有一定的区域范围。很多史前遗址、远古遗址多深埋地表以下。埋藏地下的遗址的发现多与人类活动有关,如农业生产建筑工地施工等;很多古代遗址属于探险发现。古代城市、古代建筑遗址多为残垣断壁,各种生活用品表现为不残破和不完整,但可以通过考古和人类学研究寻找人类生活轨迹。很多遗址属于战争灾难之后的遗存。遗迹在考古学历史研究上扮演着重要的角色,提供研究人员了解古代人类生活的部分面貌。

种类

sborra 遗址为文物,属于文化古迹

按照时间,遗址可分为以下种类:

  • 人类在史前生活的遗存称为“史前遗址”;
  • 人类文明以后,历史年代久远的遗存称为“古代遗址”;
  • 历史年代不久远的遗存多属于具有特殊文化意义为纪念地。
  • 用于命名整个史前文化的遗址,被称作命名遗址

按照建筑类别,可分为以下种类:

  • 都市遗迹
  • 宗教遗迹
  • 交通遗迹
  • 坟墓遗迹
  • 海底遗迹

参见

外部链接

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遗迹
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