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军户

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军户制度,是中国明代为求确保军队的永续战力,因而制定确保军源的制度。

所谓的军户就是其户籍种类属于军籍的军人。明代的军户制度原则上是承袭元代户籍的分类而来的。《元史》,卷九八,〈兵制一〉云:“天下既平,尝为军者定入尺籍伍符,不可更易。”所以元代有军人专属之“军户”。明代的户籍分类,依《明史》〈食货志〉“户口”云:“凡户三等,曰民、曰军、曰匠。民有儒,有医,有阴阳。军有校尉,有力士,弓、铺兵。有厨役、裁缝、马、船之类。濒海有盐、灶,寺有僧,观有道士。毕以其业着籍,人户以籍为断。”所以有专为军人而设之“军户”。除非成为兵部尚书,否则家族内的男丁也要世世从军。

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军户
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