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蛋白质交互作用

核糖核酸酶抑制剂(马蹄形)与核糖核酸酶蛋白的交互作用。其彼此间的连结经软件着色。

蛋白质交互作用(英语:Protein–protein interactions,缩写:PPIs)是指两种或以上的蛋白质结合的过程,通常旨在执行其生化功能。在细胞中,大量蛋白质元件组成分子机器,透过蛋白质交互作用执行细胞内多数重要的分子过程,如DNA复制

蛋白质交互作用在绝大多数生化功能中扮演极重要的角色。例如,信号分子经由蛋白质交互作用,将细胞外部的信号传入内部。这个过程称为讯息传递,是许多生化功能的基础,也与许多疾病有关,包括癌症。蛋白质亦可透过长时间的交互作用,形成部分的蛋白质复合体,负责携带另一个蛋白质,例如从细胞质细胞核,或反之,如核孔核转运蛋白的情形;或借由短暂的交互作用修饰另一个蛋白质,例如负责将磷酸盐转移到目标蛋白上的蛋白激酶。蛋白质经修饰后也可能改变其蛋白质交互作用,例如有些SH2结构域的蛋白质只与其他被氨基酸酪胺酸磷酸化的蛋白质结合,布罗莫结构域则专门辨别乙酰离胺酸。

蛋白质交互作用广泛参与了生物化学量子化学分子动力学讯息传递等代谢或遗传学表观遗传学图论。事实上,它是所有活体细胞中整个交互作用组学系统的核心。近来,蛋白质交互作用也被应用于奈米生物科技的研究领域。

蛋白质交互作用主宰了活体细胞内几乎所有的生化反应。透过研究这些交互作用,人们可以更深入了解疾病,进而成为新治疗方法的基础。

延伸阅读

  1. De Las Rivas J, Fontanillo C. Lewitter, Fran , 编. Protein-protein interactions essentials: key concepts to building and analyzing interactome networks. PLoS Comput Biol. 2010, 6 (6): e1000807. PMC 2891586可免费查阅. PMID 20589078. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000807 (英语). 
  2. Phizicky EM, Fields S. Protein-protein interactions: methods for detection and analysis. Microbiol. Rev. 1995: 94–123. PMC 239356可免费查阅. PMID 7708014 (英语). 

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蛋白质交互作用
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