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膨压

膨压(英语:turgor pressure)是细胞内推动细胞膜细胞壁的力[1]

它也被称为静水压(hydrostatic pressure、静液压、流体静力压),和更复杂地定义为流体测量的压力,在平衡时自身产生。 通常,膨胀压力是由水的渗透流引起的,并且发生在植物真菌细菌中。 在具有细胞壁的原生生物中也被观察到这种现象[2]。在动物细胞中看不到这种系统,看到细胞壁的缺失会导致细胞在过大的压力下溶解[3]。渗透水流所施加的压力称为膨胀度(turgidity)。 它是由水通过选择性渗透膜的渗透流引起的。 通过半透膜的水的渗透流是当水从具有低溶质浓度的区域行进到具有较高溶质浓度的区域时。 在植物中,这需要水从细胞外的低浓度溶质移动到细胞的液泡[4]

功用

参考资料

  1. ^ Pritchard, Jeremy. Turgor Pressure. American Cancer Society. 2001. ISBN 9780470015902. doi:10.1038/npg.els.0001687.  |journal=被忽略 (帮助)
  2. ^ Steudle, Ernst. Effect of Turgor Pressure and Cell Size on the Wall Elasticity of Plant Cells. Plant Physiology. February 1977, 59 (2): 285–9. PMC 542383可免费查阅. PMID 16659835. doi:10.1104/pp.59.2.285. 
  3. ^ Khan Academy. Khan Academy. [2017-04-27]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-11). 
  4. ^ Osmosis (Cellular) – Osmosis In Plant Cells. science.jrank.org. [2017-04-27]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-22). 
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膨压
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