For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 毛状体.

毛状体

紫花椒芽,上有毛状体
波罗的海琥珀中的化石乳突毛(多半为橡木);图像宽度约1 mm。

毛状体(英语:trichome)泛指是植物藻类地衣及部分原生生物上的纤细生长物或毛状附属体。毛状体的结构和功能各不相同,有柔毛、刚毛、腺毛、鳞片、乳突毛等等多种。植物上任何形式的毛形成的覆盖,称为毛被英语indumentum(indumentum),而带有毛被的表面,称为“具被毛”(pubescent)。

藻类

一些(主要是丝状)藻类的边缘细胞会形成类似于毛发的长条结构,称为藻丝。这个词也用作蓝菌门中的类似结构,可见于螺旋藻属颤藻属。蓝菌的藻丝有些有鞘(如眉藻属),有些无鞘(如颤藻属)。[1]藻丝在防止寒冷荒漠气候的土壤受侵蚀方面极其重要。[来源请求]藻丝的鞘交叉形成持久的粘性网络,有助于维持土壤结构。

植物

食虫植物的黏性毛状体。图示的好望角毛毡苔内有昆虫受困。
大麻属的腺毛,富含大麻素。
木龙葵叶子上的毛状体。
奎东茄叶柄上的毛状体。
金鱼草的芽,上有毛状体。
拟南芥叶子上的毛状体的扫描电子显微镜图像。该毛为单个细胞。

通常植物是为了适应干旱、严寒,对抗强蒸腾、强紫外线、昆虫及植食性动物等的危害而长出毛状体;其可截留水滴、隔绝低温、或使掠食者无法吞咽。植物毛状体特征各异,在植物的种类和单个植物的器官之间都有不同。毛状体按照这些特征进行分类。一些决定性的特征包括:


参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Identify That Alga. [September 20, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2019-11-29). 
  2. ^ Payne, Willard W. A Glossary of Plant Hair Terminology. Brittonia. 1978, 30 (2): 239–255. ISSN 0007-196X. JSTOR 2806659. S2CID 42417527. doi:10.2307/2806659. 
  3. ^ Levin, Donald A. The Role of Trichomes in Plant Defense. The Quarterly Review of Biology. 1973, 48 (1): 3–15. ISSN 0033-5770. JSTOR 2822621. S2CID 83358711. doi:10.1086/407484. 
  • Esau, K. 1965. Plant Anatomy, 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons. 767 pp.
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
毛状体
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?