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缂丝

苏州缂丝织造技艺
中华人民共和国
国家级非物质文化遗产
申报地区或单位江苏省苏州市
分类传统技艺
序号365
编号项目Ⅷ—15
登录2006年

缂丝,又称刻丝,是中国传统的一种丝织品,其特色是以缂织方式织造,纬线并不横贯全幅,而仅在需要处与经线交织,称为“通经断纬”法。其成品正反两面如一,在不同色彩的轮廓之间并不相连,凭空背光观察可见点点孔隙,有如以刀镂刻而成。

最初“通经断纬”的缂织技法是用于毛织物,称缂毛,至唐代开始将此技法用于丝织品。南宋时期缂丝可模仿书法画作,风格细腻柔美,具有欣赏性的艺术价值。两朝的缂丝中心在苏州,于乾隆之世达到鼎盛,所产织品多供朝廷使用。

如今缂丝的生产主要集中在江苏苏州南通一带,缂丝也因此呈现出风格迥异的两个流派:苏州缂丝、南通缂丝。

苏州宋锦异同:两种织物同属于织造中的梭织物,织造材料都以桑蚕丝为主。区别:宋锦是斜纹组织,靠提花显花色,缂丝是平纹组织,靠挖花显花色。宋锦产于宋盛于明清,缂丝产于先唐盛于宋明。

2009年“缂丝织造技艺”以“中国蚕桑丝织技艺”的一部分,列入世界非物质文化遗产名录。[1][2]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Unique techniques in Zhouzhuang. [2015-07-18]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-09). 
  2. ^ Sericulture and silk craftsmanship of China. [2015-07-18]. (原始内容存档于2015-11-05). 

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缂丝
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