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碳酸镍

碳酸镍
IUPAC名
Nickel(II) carbonate
识别
CAS号 3333-67-3  checkY
PubChem 18746
ChemSpider 17701
SMILES
 
  • [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O
InChI
 
  • 1/CH2O3.Ni/c2-1(3)4;/h(H2,2,3,4);/q;+2/p-2
InChIKey ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-NUQVWONBAN
UN编号 3288
EINECS 222-068-2
RTECS QR6200000
性质
化学式 NiCO3
摩尔质量 118.702 g/mol g·mol⁻¹
外观 亮绿色固体
密度 2.6 g/cm3
熔点 沸腾前分解
溶解性 0.093 g/L
危险性
警示术语 R:R49, R61, R20/22, R38, R42/43, R48/23, R68, R50/53
安全术语 S:S53, S45, S60, S61
MSDS ICSC 0927
欧盟编号 028-010-00-0
致死量或浓度:
LD50中位剂量
840 mg/kg
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

碳酸镍(英文:Nickel(II) carbonate)是一种或几种含有碳酸根无机化合物的混合物。工业上最重要的碳酸镍的形式为碱式碳酸镍,化学式为Ni4CO3(OH)6(H2O)4。常见的更简单的碳酸镍组成有NiCO3,以及它的六水合物。所有顺磁性的绿色固体都包含Ni2+ 离子。碱式碳酸镍是从矿物中湿法提取镍的中间产物,在镍的电镀中也有应用。

结构和反应

NiCO3 结构类似方解石,镍位于八面体结构中。

碳酸镍与水接触后会水解,会生成水合镍离子[Ni(H2O)6]2+,并释放水和二氧化碳。

煅烧(加热驱赶二氧化碳和水),会使碳酸镍分解,生成二氧化碳氧化镍。这里使用的是无水碳酸镍:

NiCO3 → NiO + CO2

碳酸镍水合物可通过电解硫酸镍与碳酸钠来制得:

4 Ni2+ + Na2CO3 + 6 OH- + 4 H2O → Ni4CO3(OH)6(H2O)4 + 2 Na+

水合碳酸镍已经能以镍与二氧化碳通过电解氧化方法制备[1]

Ni + O + CO2 + 6 H2O → NiCO3(H2O)4

应用

碳酸镍在陶瓷工业有应用,也用作催化剂的前体。

安全性

碳酸镍有中等毒性,可能造成轻微刺激。应避免长期接触。

参考资料

  1. ^ G. Brauer. Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed.. NY: Academic Press. 1963: 1557. 
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碳酸镍
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