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石马河 (东江)

石马河
流域
源头 
 - 位置广东省深圳市龙华区民治街道大脑壳山
河口广东省东莞市桥头镇建塘东南东江
面积1249 km2
流经国家广东省深圳市、东莞市
本貌
长度88 km

石马河,流经中华人民共和国广东省深圳市东莞市,是东江左岸支流,上游也称观澜河,发源于深圳市龙华区民治街道境内的大脑壳山,向北流经宝安区的游松、清湖和观澜后进入东莞市,北流至塘厦镇右纳雁田水后始称“石马河”,继续北流经樟木头镇常平镇桥头镇,于桥头镇建塘东南1千米处汇入东江。河长88千米,总落差70米,河道比降0.51‰,流域面积1249平方千米。1964年以前,石马河下游于东莞桥头镇陈屋边折向西,在今企石镇汇入东江。1964年续建潼湖整治工程,堵塞企石河,从企石上移河口14千米,经新开河入东江。同时建设石马河供水工程,取水东江,拦河筑坝,建一系列大型泵站,逐级提升水位,使石马河由北向南倒流入深圳水库。1965年投入使用,向深圳和香港供水。20世纪80年代以来,随着石马河流域经济的发展,生活和工业废水大量排入,使水质恶化。粤港两地政府实施供水工程第四期改造,采用供水管道,使供水渠与河道分离,2003年6月管道全线通水,石马河恢复天然流向。[1]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 中国河湖大典》编纂委员会. 《中国河湖大典·珠江卷》 (M) 1. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社. 2013年1月: 276页. ISBN 978-7-5170-0561-2. 
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石马河 (东江)
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