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拱桥

悉尼港湾大桥
位于意大利佛罗伦斯阿诺河上的老桥

拱桥是指以作为主要承重结构的桥梁

在最早出现的拱桥是石拱桥,借着类似梯形石头的小单位,将桥本身的重量和加诸其上的载重,水平传递到两端的桥墩。各个小单位互相推挤时,同时也增加了桥体本身的强度。近现代的拱桥则更多的使用混凝土或钢材建造。

现存最早的石拱桥是约公元前1300年前的迈锡尼文明Arkadiko bridge英语Arkadiko bridge[1][2];最早并还在使用的石拱桥则是前850年的卡雷凡桥[3]

有些高速公路或是较长的桥可能由好几段拱桥连接而成,虽然现在已经有其他更符合经济成本的结构可供选择。历史上著名的拱桥包括罗马的输水道系统、中国建于隋朝赵州桥

参考文献

  1. ^ Hellenic Ministry of Culture: Mycenaean bridge at Kazarma 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2008-04-08.
  2. ^ Nakassis, Athanassios (2000): "The Bridges ofAncient Eleutherna", The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 95, pp. 353–365
  3. ^ 10 Record-Breaking Bridges. [2013-06-24]. (原始内容存档于2012-01-04). 

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拱桥
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