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微卫星

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微卫星(英语:microsatellite),亦称为简单重复序列Simple Sequence RepeatsSSR(s))或短串联重复序列short tandem repeatsSTR(s)),是多态性的一种类型。指两个或多个核苷酸重复排列,且不同的重复序列相邻的形式,长度约2到10个碱基对,常见于非编码的内含子中。

由于重复单位及重复次数不同,使其在不同种族,不同人群之间的分布具有很大差异性,构成了STR遗传多态性。不同个体之间在一个同源STR位点的重复次数不同。通过识别基因组在特定位点的特定序列重复,可能创建一个个人基因档案。目前已经有超过10000个STR位点被公开。STR分析法已经成为法医学领域个体识别和亲权鉴定的重要分析方法,可应用于司法案件调查,也就是遗传指纹分析

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微卫星
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