眼状斑点
眼状斑点（英语：Eyespot）简称眼斑，又称眼纹，是存在于昆虫、爬行动物、鸟类和鱼类身上的眼状图案。而一些猫科哺乳动物身上的环状斑点也有相同作用。
眼状斑点可能是一种拟态手段，这种图案形成眼睛图案用以吓退潜在的捕食者，[1] 但也有可能是一种反捕适应，用以吸引捕食者注意力，在被袭击时避开自身要害。[2]蝴蝶身上的眼状斑点可能和雌雄选择有关。[3] 在一些更大型动物身上，眼状斑点可能还起到与同类沟通或求偶的作用（例如孔雀）。
参见
[编辑]- 自然界中的图案
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Stevens, Martin. The role of eyespots as anti-predator mechanisms, principally demonstrated in the Lepidoptera. Biological Reviews. 2005, 80 (4): 573–588. PMID 16221330. doi:10.1017/S1464793105006810.
- ^ Vallin, A., S. Jakobsson, J. Lind, and C. Wiklund. Prey survival by predator intimidation: an experimental study of peacock butterfly defence against blue tits. Proceedings Royal Society: Biological Sciences. 2005, 272 (1569): 1203–1207. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.3034.
- ^ Costanzo, K., and A. Monteiro. The use of chemical and visual cues in female choice in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana. Proceedings Royal Society: Biological Sciences. 2006, 274: 845–851.
外部链接
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