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帕斯卡

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帕斯卡(英语:pascal;符号:Pa)是国际单位制(SI)的压强单位。在不致混淆的情况下也可简称为“”。它等于每平方米牛顿。以法国学者(数学家、物理学家、化学家、音乐家、宗教家、教育家、气象学家、哲学家)布莱兹·帕斯卡之名而命名。

气象上常用的“百帕”(hPa)、“千帕”(kPa)、地球物理学上常用的“吉帕斯卡”(GPa)和工程上常用的“兆帕”(MPa),均是自Pa衍生出来的单位。

应用

1 Pa

= 1 N/m² = 1(kg·m·s-2)/m² =1(kg·m-1·s-2
= 0.01 mbar(毫巴)
= 10−5 bar(
≈ 10−5 kgf/cm2(千克力/平方厘米)

同样的单位也可表示应力杨氏模量

亚洲东部地表气压分表图

标准一大气压是 101.325 kPa = 1013.25 hPa = 1013.25 mbar = 760 Torr(ISO 2533),约为0.1 MPa或1 bar。

全世界的气象学家长期以毫巴测量气压。推出SI单位后,很多气象学家仍偏好保存习惯性压强数据。因此,气象学家今天对气压使用“百帕”(hPa)以等于毫巴,而其他几乎不使用词头“百”(hecto,h)的研究领域之类似压强值则以千帕(kPa)测量之。

1百帕(hPa)

= 100 Pa = 1 mbar

1千帕(kPa)

= 1000 Pa = 10 hPa

1兆帕(MPa)

= 1×106 Pa

1吉帕(GPa)

= 1×109 Pa

帕斯卡与其他单位的转换

1 100 000 Pa
1毫巴 100 Pa
1标准大气压 101 325 Pa
1 mmHg(毫米水银柱 133.322 Pa
1 inHg(英寸水银柱 3386.38 Pa
1 mmH2O(毫米水柱 9.8 Pa
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帕斯卡
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