For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for .

yǐng(英语:gall,cecidium)又称瘿瘤[1]虫瘿[2],是指植物组织受到昆虫或其他生物刺激而不正常增生的现象。该刺激可能是昆虫所释放出的化学物质,或是单纯的物理刺激。其他可产生瘿的生物包括真菌细菌或是等。因为瘿是具有高度组织性的构造,所以通常可以不需要知道实际的刺激因子,就能判定一种瘿;某些昆虫或螨的瘿特别是这样。

造瘿的生物

昆虫

由昆虫所引起的瘿叫做虫瘿(insect gall)。可以产生虫瘿的昆虫,称做造瘿昆虫英语Gall-inducing insect;而产生虫瘿的植物,叫做产瘿植物。虫瘿通常是由幼虫或是成虫食用植物的部位,并注入化学物质、或是母虫产卵所造成的机械性刺激所引起。虫瘿产生后,幼虫就在里面发育成长,直到成熟后才离开。一般来说,昆虫需把握植物细胞分裂最快、形成虫瘿的组织仍在发育的时期,如春天的嫩芽,来造瘿,但这不是绝对,有记录某些瘿蚋在较老的组织上也能诱导出虫瘿。虫瘿可在植物的很多部位上都能发现,如叶片叶柄枝条,但是造瘿昆虫对造瘿的位置具有高度专一性,通常只在某一种特定组织、单一种植物上造瘿,最多也只在相近的植物种上造瘿。

造瘿昆虫有7大类、分成6个膜翅目的瘿蜂、叶蜂等;双翅目的瘿蚋、果实蝇等;同翅目腹吻亚目的蚜虫介壳虫木虱等;半翅目的网蝽;缨翅目蓟马鳞翅目的卷叶蛾、透翅蛾等;鞘翅目天牛象鼻虫等。

参考

  1. ^ 存档副本. [2022-02-27]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-27). 
  2. ^ 存档副本. [2022-02-27]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-27). 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?