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甲基异丁基酮

甲基异丁基酮[1]
IUPAC名
4-Methylpentan-2-one
别名 4-甲基-2-戊酮
异丁基甲基酮
异丙基丙酮
MIBK
识别
CAS号 108-10-1  checkY
PubChem 7909
ChemSpider 7621
SMILES
 
  • CC(C)CC(=O)C
InChI
 
  • 1/C6H12O/c1-5(2)4-6(3)7/h5H,4H2,1-3H3
InChIKey NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYAQ
EINECS 203-550-1
RTECS SA9275000
KEGG C19263
性质
化学式 C6H12O
摩尔质量 100.16 g·mol⁻¹
外观 无色有愉快气味液体
密度 0.802 g/ml
熔点 -84.7 °C
沸点 117-118 °C
溶解性 1.91 g/100 ml (20 °C)
蒸气压 19 hPa (20 °C)
折光度n
D
1.3958 (20 °C)
黏度 0.58 cP (20 °C)
结构
偶极矩 4.2 D
危险性
警示术语 R:R11, R20, R36/37, R66
安全术语 S:S2, S9, S16, S29
欧盟分类 可燃 (F)
有害 (Xn)
NFPA 704
3
2
0
 
闪点 14 °C
自燃温度 449 °C
爆炸极限 1.4~7.5% (体积)[2]
致死量或浓度:
LD50中位剂量
豚鼠LC:20,000 ppm[2]
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

甲基异丁基酮(MIBK),结构式(CH3)2CHCH2COCH3

性质

无色有愉快气味液体。性质稳定。微溶于水,与多数有机溶剂互溶。蒸气与空气形成爆炸性混合物。具强的局部刺激性和毒性。

制备

异亚丙基丙酮在铜催化剂作用下选择性加氢,再经蒸馏分离制得。

下图为丙酮缩合为二丙酮醇;二丙酮醇脱水生成异亚丙基丙酮;异亚丙基丙酮加氢得到甲基异丁基酮的过程。


从丙酮制取甲基异丁基酮

用途

用作溶剂(用于溶解四环素除虫菊酯滴滴涕以及用于油品脱蜡等)、无机盐分离剂、选矿剂、粘合剂、橡胶胶水、蒙布漆和有机合成原料等。在电子束光刻技术中用作对PMMA的显影溶剂。早期曾用于核燃料再处理氧化-还原法

参考资料

  1. ^ Record of CAS RN 108-10-1 in the GESTIS Substance Database from the IFA英语Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 中国化工产品大全 上卷,Da144 甲基·异丁基(甲)酮,页514
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甲基异丁基酮
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