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瓦伊语

瓦伊语
ꕙꔤ
区域利比里亚塞拉利昂
母语使用人数
119,500[1]
语系
尼日尔-刚果语系
  • 曼德语族
    • 西曼德语支
      • 中部及西南部曼德语支
        • 中部曼德语支
          • Manding-Jɔgɔ languages
            • Manding-Vai languages
              • Vai-Kono languages
                • 瓦伊语
语言代码
ISO 639-3vai

瓦伊语ꕙꔤ)是曼德语族的一个分支,由瓦伊人使用的语言。在利比里亚塞拉利昂的使用人数分别约有104,000和15,500[1],是撒哈拉以南少数有文字系统的非洲语言之一。 该语言拥有一套特有的书写系统:由Momolu Duwalu Bukele英语Momolu Duwalu Bukele于1833年创建的瓦伊音节文字(le syllabaire vaï)。

发音学

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瓦伊语是声调语言,有12个元音和31个辅音

元音

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  口腔 鼻化
i u ĩ ũ
半闭 e o ɛ̃ ɔ̃
半开 ɛ ɔ
a ã

辅音

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唇音 齿龈 龈后
硬颚
软颚 圆唇软颚 喉音
塞音
塞擦音
清音 p t t͡ʃ k k͡p
浊音 b d d͡ʒ ɡ ɡ͡b
前鼻音 ɲd͡ʒ ŋɡ ŋ͡mɡ͡b
内爆音 ɓ ɗ
前鼻音化内爆音 mɓ nɗ
擦音 清音 f s (ʃ) h
浊音 v z
鼻音 m n ɲ ŋ
近音 l j w
颤音 (r)

[r][ʃ]只出现在新增的外来语。

文字

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1830年发明了一套音节文字。字符表如下:

  e i a o u ɔ ɛ
‑̃
ŋ‑̃    
h‑
h‑̃    
w‑
w‑̃
p‑
b‑
ɓ‑
mɓ‑
kp‑
kp‑̃    
mgb‑
gb‑
gb‑̃  
f‑
v‑
t‑
θ‑
d‑
ð‑
l‑
r‑
ɗ‑
nɗ‑
s‑
ʃ‑
z‑
ʒ‑
tʃ‑
dʒ‑
ndʒ‑
j‑
k‑
k‑̃    
ŋg‑
ŋg‑̃  
g‑
g‑̃  
m‑
n‑
ɲ‑
  e i a o u ɔ ɛ

附加符号

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Symbol Function[2]
音节结尾 ŋ
元音延长符号

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Ethnologue report for Vai. [2010-04-09]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-10). 
  2. ^ ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N2948R: Proposal to add the Vai script to the BMP of the UCS (PDF). [22 February 2012]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-26). 

外部链接

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{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
瓦伊语
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