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琵琶 (越南).
越南琵琶(越南语:Đàn tỳ bà/彈琵琶)是一种主要使用在越南音乐中的拨弦乐器。可分为越南传统琵琶与越南改组(cai tien)琵琶。前者为斜抱,后者为直抱,并改四相为高品。现今越南琵琶主要为后者。常见以C f g c定弦。越南琵琶的音色与越南月琴 (đàn nguyệt),越南梅花琴 (đàn sến) 相似。
主要为木质,梨形,有四根尼龙琴弦(以前是丝)。越南琵琶一般在演奏时为近垂直角度,弹奏的方法包括用左手的手指拨弄琴弦来产生不同的音效。越南琵琶经常在皇室场合演奏,现在仍被用在顺化皇宫的雅乐表演中。
越南琵琶的名称来源自古汉语“琵琶”,其发音为汉越音“tỳ bà”。“Đàn”(弹)置于词首,在越南语中表示“弦乐器”,越南语名词会在前面表示该事物的类型作为词头,越南的其他传统弦乐器的前半部分也同样会加上“Đàn”字。李朝和陈朝 (可能到后来的后黎朝),越南琵琶的形状与日本琵琶相似,但现在已不再使用。 相反,从阮朝到现在,越南琵琶受到中国明清琵琶的影响,但也经过改进以适应越南文化。
参考
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| | | 金 | |
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| 石 | |
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| 丝 | 拨弦 |
- 独弦琴(弹匏)
- 越南月琴(弹月)
- 越南琵琶
- 越南筝
- 越南三弦(弹三)
- 越南四弦(弹四)
- 弹低
- Tính tẩu
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| 拉弦 | |
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| 击弦 | |
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| 竹 | |
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| 匏 | |
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| 革 | |
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| 木 | |
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