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乌帽子

日语写法
日语原文烏帽子
假名えぼし
平文式罗马字Eboshi

乌帽子平安时代至近代和服的一种黑色礼帽,所以又名平安乌帽。它可能由中国汉服高屋乌纱帽演变而成。

早期使用薄制作,后来变为纸制,黑漆涂在表面。庶民则使用麻织成。本来为男性使用,后来舞白拍子的女性(游女、艺妓)也戴着乌帽子。

乌帽子本来是上层公卿的服饰,平安时代以后普及到了民间。从镰仓时代开始,乌帽子越高表示身份等级越高。

在日本中世,武士刚刚成年之时,就会邀请一定与家族有关的特定人物为其行元服礼并戴乌帽子。戴帽子者称乌帽子亲,被戴帽者称乌帽子子

在现代日本,乌帽子是神社中神官和相扑比赛裁判行司的服饰。

乌帽子的类别

  • 立乌帽子:乌帽子中最高等级。为圆筒形,一般为公卿使用,现在为神官(神职)。
  • 折乌帽子:广义上为被折叠的立乌帽子。武士和庶民使用。
  • 揉乌帽子

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乌帽子
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