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火山带

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墨西哥跨墨西哥火山带

火山带意指存在大量火山活动的大型区域。相对而言,较小范围的火山活动称为火山场。火山带在地下有异常高(700至1,400 °C(1,292至2,552 °F))区域的地方可以找到,那里的地壳及地幔上层的岩石部分熔化成岩浆。这些区域通常在板块边缘的10-50公里深处形成。举例,墨西哥北美洲西部的火山大多位于火山带,例如从西至东横跨墨西哥中南部、延伸900公里的跨墨西哥火山带,及加拿大西部的北科迪勒拉火山省英语Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province

加拿大地盾等火山不活跃地区发现了古代火山带的深度变形和侵蚀遗迹。它包含150多个火山带(现已变形并被侵蚀成几乎平坦的平原),其年龄从6亿到 12 亿年不等[来源请求]。这些是不同变质的镁铁质超基性岩火山序列的区域,以及相关的沉积岩,形成所谓的绿岩带英语Greenstone belt。 人们认为它们是在古代海洋扩张中心和岛弧地体形成的。 加拿大安大略省魁北克省阿比蒂比绿岩带英语Abitibi greenstone belt是世界上最大的绿岩带之一。

火山带类似山脉,但山脉内的山是火山,而不是构造板块碰撞断层褶皱形成的山脉[1]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Volcano World - What is a volcano belt? 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2007-05-26. Retrieved on 2007-07-08
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火山带
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