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溶小体储积症

溶小体储积症
高雪氏症显微照片,显示细胞具有皱巴巴的 卫生纸 状的 细胞质 特征. 苏木精-伊红染色.
类型遗传性代谢缺陷overload disease[*]疾病
分类和外部资源
医学专科内分泌学
ICD-115C56
ICD-10E75-E77
MeSHD016464
Orphanet68366
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

溶小体储积症(英语:Lysosomal storage disease,缩写:LSD)是一群约50种罕见遗传性代谢疾病,是由于溶小体功能的缺陷所造成的。[1] 溶小体是细胞中的代谢小泡,它们消化大分子,并将剩下的片段传给细胞中的其它部分,以进行再利用。此一过程需要几种关键的酵素。如果其中一种酵素由于突变而有缺陷,大分子们就会聚积在细胞中,最后使细胞死亡。[2]

溶小体储积症是由于溶小体的功能障碍所引起,通常是由于代谢以下物质的酵素之一不足所造成:脂质、糖蛋白、黏多糖。个别发生率约1:40,000-1:1,000,000;而整体而言LSD发生率约1:5,000-1:7,700。 [3][4] 这些疾病大多是体染色体隐性遗传,例如尼曼匹克症( 鞘髓磷脂储积症 Niemann-Pick disease, type C)。然而有部分为性联隐性( X-linked recessive ) 遗传,例如法布瑞氏症 ( Fabry disease ) 及韩特氏症 ( Hunter syndrome , MPS II).

溶小体通常被认为是细胞的循环再利用中心,将不再需要的材料加工成可利用的物质。这是经由的作用。溶小体的疾病通常是由于某种酵素不足或完全缺失。这时,不再需要的物质会堆积在细胞中。换句话说,当溶小体无法正常工作时,原本应该被分解并循环利用的物质便会过量的堆积在细胞中。

参考资料

  1. ^ Winchester B, Vellodi A, Young E. The molecular basis of lysosomal storage diseases and their treatment. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2000, 28 (2): 150–4. PMID 10816117. 
  2. ^ Reece, Jane; Campbell, Neil. Biology. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. 2002: 121–122. ISBN 0-8053-6624-5. 
  3. ^ Meikle, P. J.; Hopwood, J. J.; Clague, A. E.; Carey, W. F. Prevalence of lysosomal storage disorders. JAMA. 20 January 1999, 281 (3): 249–254 [2016-06-07]. ISSN 0098-7484. (原始内容存档于2020-04-23). 
  4. ^ M, Fuller; PJ, Meikle; JJ, Hopwood. Epidemiology of lysosomal storage diseases: an overview. 1 January 2006 [2016-06-07]. (原始内容存档于2017-05-10). 

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溶小体储积症
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