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歌津鱼龙属

歌津鱼龙属
化石时期:三叠纪早期,248–245 Ma
歌津鱼龙的重建图
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行纲 Reptilia
科: 歌津鱼龙科 Utatsusauridae
属: 歌津鱼龙属 Utatsusaurus
Shikama, Kamei & Murata, 1978
模式种
畑井歌津鱼龙
Utatsusaurus hataii

Shikama, Kamei & Murata, 1978

歌津鱼龙属学名Utatsusaurus,意为“来自歌津町的蜥蜴”)是鱼龙超目中已知最早的物种,存活在早三叠世奥伦尼克期,约2亿5000万到2亿4500万年前;鱼龙超目是种包含鱼龙目海生爬行动物。不像更先进的鱼龙类,歌津鱼龙没有背鳍,头颅骨较为宽广,口鼻部逐渐变细。

歌津鱼龙与人类的体型相比图
歌津鱼龙的化石,日本东京国立科学博物馆

与头颅相比,牙齿相当小,排列在原始的牙槽内。歌津鱼龙有小型鳍,内有四个脚趾,而非原始鱼龙类常见的五个脚趾。尾巴有长的下鳍,显示这群动物以波浪协助游泳,而非用牠的桨状鳍与尾巴。歌津鱼龙身长3米,以鱼类为生。歌津鱼龙的化石发现于日本加拿大

加州大学柏克莱分校的藻谷亮介,与北海道大学的安藤达郎、箕浦名知男,在1998年利用电脑CGI技术,重新检验歌津鱼龙的化石,改变这动物原本遗骸的失真变形。他们发现歌津鱼龙与类似蜥蜴双弓类爬行动物血缘相近,例如油页岩蜥,使鱼龙超目成为蜥蜴的远亲。这个研究改变原本的理论,原本的理论认为鱼龙超目从会游泳的两栖类演化而来,跟爬虫类有所区别。

参考资料

[编辑]
  • Dixon, Dougal. "The Complete Book of Dinosaurs." Hermes House, 2006.
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歌津鱼龙属
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