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样本

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样本(英语:sample)是统计学术语,指从全体中随机抽取的个体。通过对样本的调查,可以大概的了解全体的情况。抽样时抽取样本来进行调查,而普查时则需要调查每一个个体。样本统计学是罗纳德·费希尔博士提出的。

样本统计学并不是将整个总体拿去调查,所以必有误差。

样本统计学的内容有统计结果、可信度和误差,不同的统计公司会统计出不同的统计内容。

样本的规定

样本,从总体抽样时,应符合下列条件,才可表现出资料总体的型态:

  1. 总体的分布需很平均,在抽样时才不会只抽到相同而不正确的结果。
  2. 抽样量不可太少,否则会影响对资料的准确度。
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样本
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