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多元变量分析

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多元变量统计分析(英语:Multivariate Statistical Analysis),简称多元变量分析,又称多元统计分析,为统计学的一支,常用于管理科学社会科学生命科学等领域。

多元变量分析的基础是多元变量统计,也就是同时/一次观察与分析超过一个变数。多元变量分析一般用于一个实验中有多个测量结果时,探讨资料彼此之间的关联性或是厘清资料的结构。分类大致如下:[1]

  • 正态多变量分布理论与模型
  • 研究与测量变数之间的关系
  • 多维度概率计算
  • 探讨资料构造与模式

常见分析方法

  • 主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis, PCA)
  • 因素分析(Factor Analysis)
  • 判别分析(Discriminant Analysis)
  • 聚类分析(Cluster Analysis)
  • 典型相关分析(Canonical Correlation Analysis, CCA)
  • 结构方程式模式(Structural Equation Model, SEM)
    • 线性结构相关模式(Linear Structure Relation, LISREL)- 为SEM成员
  • Multivariate hypothesis testing
  • 降维(Dimensionality reduction)
  • 结构发现(Latent structure discovery)
  • 多变量回归分析(Multivariate regression analysis)
  • 统计分类(Classification and discrimination analysis)
  • 变量选择(Variable selection)
  • 多维标度缩放(Multidimensional Scaling)
  • 资料挖掘(Data mining)

常用工具

由于多元变量分析方法需要复杂且大量的计算,常须借助电脑,常用的软件或编程语言如下:

参考资料

  1. ^ Olkin, I.; Sampson, A. R., Multivariate Analysis: Overview, Smelser, Neil J.; Baltes, Paul B. (编), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, Pergamon: 10240–10247, 2001-01-01 [2019-09-02], ISBN 9780080430768, (原始内容存档于2020-05-03) 

参见

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多元变量分析
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