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椭圆算子

定义在环形上的拉普拉斯方程上的一个解。拉普拉斯算子是椭圆算子的最有名的一个例子。

椭圆算子数学偏微分方程理论中的一类微分算子,它是拉普拉斯算子的泛化。椭圆算子定义为所有最高阶导数的系数为正的微分算子,这意味着算子没有实的特征方向。

椭圆算子是典型的位势论,并且它们频繁地出现在静电学连续介质力学中。椭圆算子的正则性意味着它的解通常是光滑函数(如果算子的系数是光滑的)。双曲英语Hyperbolic partial differential equation方程和抛物方程的稳定解通常要求解椭圆方程。

定义

上的线性微分算子

被称为椭圆算子,如果对任意,任意非零满足

在许多应用中仅满足上述条件还远远不够,当时可用一致椭圆条件代替它: 其中C是正常数。注意到椭圆性只依赖于最高阶项。

非线性算子

是椭圆算子如果它关于的一阶泰勒展开式在任意一点处都是线性椭圆算子。

实例:二阶算子

为了说明问题,我们选取二阶偏微分算子形式,

其中.如果满足高阶项系数矩阵x

正定实系数对称矩阵,则这样的算子叫做椭圆算子。

参看

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椭圆算子
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