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攒尖顶

攒尖顶
圆形攒尖顶的天坛祈年殿
汉语名称
繁体字 攢尖頂
简化字 攒尖顶
韩语名称
谚文모임 지붕
汉字(無)
日语名称
旧字体寶形造

攒尖顶,即攒尖式屋顶宋朝时称“撮尖”、“斗尖”,清朝时称“攒尖”,是汉字文化圈传统建筑的一种屋顶样式[1]日语宝形造方形造。其特点是屋顶为锥形,没有正脊,顶部集中于一点,即宝顶,该顶常用于等建筑。在日本则常用于茶室

攒尖顶的垂脊和斜面多向内凹或成平面,若上半部外凸下半部内凹,则为盔顶

攒尖顶有单檐、重檐之分,按形状可分为角式攒尖和圆形攒尖,其中角式攒尖顶有同其角数相同的垂脊,有四角、六角、八角等式样;四角多用于园林建筑,六角多用于北方伊斯兰建筑以及闽台民间信仰建筑,八角多用于佛教建筑或位阶较高的园林建筑。圆形攒尖则没有垂脊,尖顶由竹节瓦逐渐收小。故宫的中和殿为四角攒尖,天坛祈年殿为圆形攒尖[2]

参见

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注释

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  1. ^ 郭华瑜著. 中国古典建筑形制源流. 武汉:湖北教育出版社 ,. 2015年2月: 118. ISBN 978-7-5351-8882-3. 
  2. ^ 朱丹,朱小平编著. 中国建筑艺术简史. 北京:清华大学出版社. 2015年5月: 74. ISBN 978-7-302-38954-5. 
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攒尖顶
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