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戴德金η函数

戴德金η函数(Dedekind eta function)是定义在上半平面的全纯函数,这是权1/2的模形式之一例。

η函数的描绘

对每个属于上半平面的复数,置,则η函数表为

η函数满足以下函数方程

此处的根号是方根函数在右半平面的解析延拓

一般而言,对,我们有

其中的自守因子定为

戴德金和

由此函数方程可知η是权1/2的模形式,因此可由η构造更多的模形式,例如魏尔施特拉斯的模判别式即可表为

事实上,由函数方程可知是权12的模形式,而这类模形式构成复一维向量空间,比较傅里叶展开的常数项,上式立可得证。

拉马努金有一个著名的猜想:在傅立叶展开式中,对任一素数,的系数的绝对值恒。此猜想最后由德利涅证明。

上述诸例点出了模形式与若干古典数论问题的联系,例如以二次型表示整数以及整数分拆问题。赫克算子(英语:Hecke operator)理论阐释了模形式与数论的关键联系,同时也联系了模形式与表示理论

文献

[编辑]
  • Tom M. Apostol, Modular functions and Dirichlet Series in Number Theory (1990), Springer-Verlag, New York. ISBN 0-387-97127-0

外部链接

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戴德金η函数
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