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惠太后

惠太后(377年—440年),窦氏,为北魏世祖乳母

生平

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窦氏最初是以罪犯的身份,与两个女儿一同入宫为婢。由于品行良好又知进退,因此为北魏太祖命为庶出长子拓跋焘的乳母。

据史载,窦氏性情仁慈,对拓跋焘视如己出、善加教养,使得拓跋焘对其奉养至孝犹如亲生母子。之后拓跋焘即位为北魏世祖,窦氏被尊为保太后,不久改封皇太后。窦氏得到尊封后,依然保持过去的仁善,并未因成为太后而自傲,窦太后治理后宫相当得宜,又好扬人之善,隐人之过,使得窦氏甚有美誉。

世祖出征凉州时,蠕蠕吴提趁虚来犯,宫中奉窦太后之命将其击退。太平真君元年(440年),窦太后过世,享寿63岁,谥号,葬于崞山。

窦太后的葬地是奉窦氏生前的旨意所决定的。窦太后曾登上崞山,向近侍说道:“我养育世祖,敬神而爱人,若死后灵魂尚存,应当不会沦为鬼怪。但先朝体制中本来就没有我的位子[1],因此在我死后更不可以违背礼制地建造园陵。至于这座山,则能够用以葬我。”因此窦太后葬于崞山,并立寝庙于崞山,建碑颂德。

注释

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  1. ^ 指本身并非帝母,而是以乳母之身成为太后
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惠太后
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