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总有机碳量.
总有机碳量(TOC)(或总有机碳)是以碳的含量表示有机物总量的一个指标,常用于检测水质。
总有机碳量的测定采用燃烧法,能将有机物全部氧化,比生化需氧量或化学需氧量更能反映有机物的总量。
测定原理
总有机碳量的测定常用的方法是非色散红外吸收法(燃烧氧化)。
将一定量水样注入高温炉内的石英管,在900~950℃下,以铂和三氧化钴或三氧化二铬为催化剂,有机物燃烧裂解转化为二氧化碳,用红外线气体分析仪测定CO2含量,从而确定水样中碳的含量。
方法
高温下,水样中的碳酸盐会分解产生二氧化碳,此时测得的为总碳(TC)。为获得有机碳含量,可采用两种方法:
- 将水样预先酸化,通入氮气曝气,驱除各种碳酸盐分解生成的二氧化碳后再注入总有机碳分析仪测定。
- 第二种是差减法,此方法要使用高温炉和低温炉的总有机碳测定仪。将同一等量水样分别注入高温炉(900℃)和低温炉(150℃),低温炉的石英管中有机物不能被分解氧化。将高、低温炉中测得的总碳(TC)和无机碳(IC,inorganic carbon)二者之差即为总有机碳量,此方法最低检验浓度为0.5mg/L。
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