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将死

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将死将杀(英语:checkmate),也简称(英语:mate),指象棋类游戏中,一方的帅、将等最重要棋子被照将而无法化解。象棋类游戏以将死对方为目的,被将死的一方作负[1]

英语中Checkmate出自波斯语شاه مات‎(šāh māt),意思是“沙阿(国王)无助了”,后来传入阿拉伯语后,مات‎(māt)被理解成“死亡”的意思。

一般来说,虽然没有将军,但下一步将杀已经无可避免时称为绝杀。网上常混淆误用绝杀一词来表示将死。

在现实比赛中,大部分棋手在得知局面无法挽回后,不等自己被将死,便会主动认输。

一方在未被将军时无子可动的情况称为“欠行”(Stalemate)。国际象棋的现行规则将欠行判为和棋,称逼和[2];而除此之外大部分象棋类游戏,如中国象棋日本将棋等,均规定欠行方作负,称困毙[1]

将杀的记号在代数记谱法中被记为井字 (#) ,例如 34.Qh8#,或者“++” 。(“++”符号有时候也被用来指双将。)

相关条目

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参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 广东客. 象棋自習 初版. 台湾台北市: 世界文物出版社. 1986-09: 14. 
  2. ^ 徐家亮. 袁一玮 , 编. 圖解西洋棋入門 初版一刷. 台湾台北市: 世界文物出版社. 2004-07: 43. 
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将死
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