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大沽夹河.
大沽夹河是中国胶东半岛地区注入北黄海的最大河流。[1]
上源有两支,东支名外夹河,亦称大沽河;西支名内夹河,亦称清洋河。两河在烟台福山区永福园村会合后,始称大沽夹河。两河中以东支较长,为大沽夹河干流。它发源于海阳市北部郭城镇牧牛山,曲折东流,在牟平区埠西头附近屈而东北流,经栖霞、福山两县区东部和牟平区西部,至牟平区东陌堂北转向西北流,在烟台市区小沙埠南转而北流,于东胜利村北注入北黄海套子湾。河长80公里,流域面积2295.5平方公里,河道平均比降1.1/1000,流域河网密度0.69公里/平方公里。
内夹河发源于栖霞市北部灵山夼,曲折东北流,经栖霞城西,又东北流,在栖霞藏格庄附近屈而东流,经过门楼水库,转而东北流,经福山城东,又东北流由左岸注入大沽夹河。河长76.8公里,流域面积1212.2平方公里,河道平均比降1.2/1000。
据1956~1979年同步观测系列统计,大沽夹河流域多年平均年降水量为773.9毫米,流域多年平均年径流深267.9毫米,折合年径流量为6.15亿立方米。根据福山水文站(控制流域面积997平方公里)实测资料,最大年径流量出现在1964年,为5.65亿立方米,最小出现在1968年,为0.640亿立方米,两者比值为8.8。大沽夹河洪水,建国以后以1965年为最大,据内夹河南关村水文站(控制流域面积1178平方公里)实测,洪峰流量为2510立方米/秒。大沽夹河福山站,多年平均悬移质含沙量1.39公斤/立方米,据1953~1957,1966~1979年观测资料计算,多年平均悬移质年输沙量为34万吨。
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