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埃斯佩兰萨站

埃斯佩兰萨站(西班牙语:Base Esperanza, 意为“希望站”),是阿根廷南极半岛最北端特里尼蒂半岛霍普湾设置的观测基地。此处是有纪录以来南极平均气温最高的地点。最高气温是于2020年2月6日所测量的18.3摄氏度。历史最低温是-38.4摄氏度(-37.1°F)。

Esperanza (1981–2010, extremes 1945–present)
月份 1月 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 11月 12月 全年
历史最高温 °C(°F) 14.9
(58.8)
18.3
(64.9)
17.5
(63.5)
15.9
(60.6)
17.2
(63.0)
13.3
(55.9)
14.0
(57.2)
13.0
(55.4)
11.4
(52.5)
17.0
(62.6)
14.3
(57.7)
14.6
(58.3)
18.3
(64.9)
平均高温 °C(°F) 4.3
(39.7)
3.7
(38.7)
1.2
(34.2)
−2.1
(28.2)
−4.0
(24.8)
−6.2
(20.8)
−6.3
(20.7)
−4.6
(23.7)
−2.3
(27.9)
−0.4
(31.3)
2.1
(35.8)
3.8
(38.8)
−0.9
(30.4)
日均气温 °C(°F) 1.4
(34.5)
0.7
(33.3)
−2.3
(27.9)
−6.1
(21.0)
−8.2
(17.2)
−10.4
(13.3)
−10.5
(13.1)
−9.0
(15.8)
−6.5
(20.3)
−4.3
(24.3)
−1.1
(30.0)
0.8
(33.4)
−4.6
(23.7)
平均低温 °C(°F) −1.2
(29.8)
−2.0
(28.4)
−5.6
(21.9)
−9.7
(14.5)
−12.1
(10.2)
−14.3
(6.3)
−14.8
(5.4)
−13.2
(8.2)
−10.4
(13.3)
−8.0
(17.6)
−4.2
(24.4)
−1.9
(28.6)
−8.1
(17.4)
历史最低温 °C(°F) −8.5
(16.7)
−13.2
(8.2)
−20.9
(−5.6)
−26.0
(−14.8)
−29.6
(−21.3)
−30.0
(−22.0)
−38.4
(−37.1)
−32.0
(−25.6)
−32.6
(−26.7)
−23.2
(−9.8)
−18.0
(−0.4)
−9.7
(14.5)
−38.4
(−37.1)
平均降水量 mm(吋) 56.2
(2.21)
65.0
(2.56)
75.5
(2.97)
59.1
(2.33)
54.4
(2.14)
47.4
(1.87)
54.1
(2.13)
72.1
(2.84)
62.2
(2.45)
56.4
(2.22)
65.0
(2.56)
59.0
(2.32)
726.4
(28.60)
平均降水天数(≥ 0.1 mm) 14 14 17 17 14 11 13 15 15 15 16 16 177
平均降雪天数 16 15 16 16 14 13 14 14 16 15 16 16 181
平均相对湿度(%) 82 80 80 80 80 79 80 80 79 80 81 80 80
月均日照时数 93.0 127.1 89.9 60.0 31.0 12.0 21.7 43.4 87.0 136.4 144.0 161.2 1,006.7
日均日照时数 3.0 4.5 2.9 2.0 1.0 0.4 0.7 1.4 2.9 4.4 4.8 5.2 2.8
数据来源1:Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (temperature 1981–2010, precipitation and snowy days 1961–1990),[1][2][3] NOAA (precipitation 1961–1990)[4]
数据来源2:Meteo Climat (record highs and lows),[5] Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1982–1990 and humidity, 1982–1995)[6]

参考

  1. ^ Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1981-2010. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. [January 18, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-04) (西班牙语). 
  2. ^ B. Espernza Statistical Data (1961-1990). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. [January 23, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-15) (西班牙语). 
  3. ^ Valores Medios de Temperatura y Precipitación-Antártida: Base Esperanza. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. [January 23, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-16) (西班牙语). 
  4. ^ Base Esperanza Climate Normals 1961–1990. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [January 23, 2016]. 
  5. ^ Station Base Esperanza. Meteo Climat. [June 6, 2016] (法语). 
  6. ^ Klimatafel von Esperanza (Argentinien) / Antarkt. Halbinsel / Antarktis (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world. Deutscher Wetterdienst. [January 23, 2016]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-07-01) (德语). 
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埃斯佩兰萨站
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